graphql-guard

Simple authorization gem for GraphQL :lock:

Monthly Downloads: 10,692

Programming language: Ruby

License: MIT License

Tags: GraphQL    

Latest version: v2.0.0

README

graphql-guard

This gem provides a field-level authorization for graphql-ruby.

Contents

• Usage
  • Inline policies
  • Policy object
• Priority order
• Integration
  • CanCanCan
  • Pundit
• Error handling
• Schema masking
• Installation
• Testing
• Development
• Contributing
• License
• Code of Conduct

Usage

Define a GraphQL schema:

# Define a type
class PostType < GraphQL::Schema::Object
  field :id, ID, null: false
  field :title, String, null: true
end

# Define a query
class QueryType < GraphQL::Schema::Object
  field :posts, [PostType], null: false do
    argument :user_id, ID, required: true
  end

  def posts(user_id:)
    Post.where(user_id: user_id)
  end
end

# Define a schema
class Schema < GraphQL::Schema
  use GraphQL::Execution::Interpreter
  use GraphQL::Analysis::AST
  query QueryType
end

# Execute query
Schema.execute(query, variables: { userId: 1 }, context: { current_user: current_user })

Inline policies

Add GraphQL::Guard to your schema:

class Schema < GraphQL::Schema use GraphQL::Execution::Interpreter use GraphQL::Analysis::AST query QueryType use GraphQL::Guard.new end

Now you can define guard for a field, which will check permissions before resolving the field:

class QueryType < GraphQL::Schema::Object field :posts, [PostType], null: false do argument :user_id, ID, required: true guard ->(obj, args, ctx) { args[:user_id] == ctx[:current_user].id } end ... end

You can also define guard, which will be executed for every * field in the type:

class PostType < GraphQL::Schema::Object guard ->(obj, args, ctx) { ctx[:current_user].admin? } ... end

If guard block returns nil or false, then it'll raise a GraphQL::Guard::NotAuthorizedError error.

Policy object

Alternatively, it's possible to extract and describe all policies by using PORO (Plain Old Ruby Object), which should implement a guard method. For example:

class GraphqlPolicy RULES = { QueryType => { posts: ->(obj, args, ctx) { args[:user_id] == ctx[:current_user].id } }, PostType => { '*': ->(obj, args, ctx) { ctx[:current_user].admin? } } }

def self.guard(type, field) RULES.dig(type, field) end end

Pass this object to GraphQL::Guard:

class Schema < GraphQL::Schema use GraphQL::Execution::Interpreter use GraphQL::Analysis::AST query QueryType use GraphQL::Guard.new(policy_object: GraphqlPolicy) end

When using a policy object, you may want to allow introspection queries to skip authorization. A simple way to avoid having to whitelist every introspection type in the RULES hash of your policy object is to check the type parameter in the guard method:

def self.guard(type, field) type.introspection? ? ->(_obj, _args, _ctx) { true } : RULES.dig(type, field) # or "false" to restrict an access end

Priority order

GraphQL::Guard will use the policy in the following order of priority:

1. Inline policy on the field.
2. Policy from the policy object on the field.
3. Inline policy on the type.
4. Policy from the policy object on the type.

class GraphqlPolicy RULES = { PostType => { '*': ->(obj, args, ctx) { ctx[:current_user].admin? }, # <=== 4 title: ->(obj, args, ctx) { ctx[:current_user].admin? } # <=== 2 } }

def self.guard(type, field) RULES.dig(type, field) end end

class PostType < GraphQL::Schema::Object guard ->(obj, args, ctx) { ctx[:current_user].admin? } # <=== 3 field :title, String, null: true, guard: ->(obj, args, ctx) { ctx[:current_user].admin? } # <=== 1 end

class Schema < GraphQL::Schema use GraphQL::Execution::Interpreter use GraphQL::Analysis::AST query QueryType use GraphQL::Guard.new(policy_object: GraphqlPolicy) end

Integration

You can simply reuse your existing policies if you really want. You don't need any monkey patches or magic for it ;)

CanCanCan

Define an ability

class Ability include CanCan::Ability

def initialize(user) user ||= User.new if user.admin? can :manage, :all else can :read, Post, author_id: user.id end end end

Use the ability in your guard

class PostType < GraphQL::Schema::Object guard ->(post, args, ctx) { ctx[:current_ability].can?(:read, post) } ... end

Pass the ability

Schema.execute(query, context: { current_ability: Ability.new(current_user) })

Pundit

Define a policy

class PostPolicy < ApplicationPolicy def show? user.admin? || record.author_id == user.id end end

Use the ability in your guard

class PostType < GraphQL::Schema::Object guard ->(post, args, ctx) { PostPolicy.new(ctx[:current_user], post).show? } ... end

Pass current_user

Schema.execute(query, context: { current_user: current_user })

Error handling

By default GraphQL::Guard raises a GraphQL::Guard::NotAuthorizedError exception if access to the field is not authorized. You can change this behavior, by passing custom not_authorized lambda. For example:

class SchemaWithErrors < GraphQL::Schema use GraphQL::Execution::Interpreter use GraphQL::Analysis::AST query QueryType use GraphQL::Guard.new( # By default it raises an error # not_authorized: ->(type, field) do # raise GraphQL::Guard::NotAuthorizedError.new("#{type}.#{field}") # end

# Returns an error in the response
<b>not_authorized: ->(type, field) do
  GraphQL::ExecutionError.new("Not authorized to access #{type}.#{field}")
end</b>

) end

In this case executing a query will continue, but return nil for not authorized field and also an array of errors:

SchemaWithErrors.execute("query { posts(user_id: 1) { id title } }")

=> {

"data" => nil,

"errors" => [{

"messages" => "Not authorized to access Query.posts",

"locations": { "line" => 1, "column" => 9 },

"path" => ["posts"]

}]

}

In more advanced cases, you may want not to return errors only for some unauthorized fields. Simply return nil if user is not authorized to access the field. You can achieve it, for example, by placing the logic into your PolicyObject:

class GraphqlPolicy RULES = { PostType => { '*': { guard: ->(obj, args, ctx) { ... }, not_authorized: ->(type, field) { GraphQL::ExecutionError.new("Not authorized to access #{type}.#{field}") } } title: { guard: ->(obj, args, ctx) { ... }, not_authorized: ->(type, field) { nil } # simply return nil if not authorized, no errors } } }

def self.guard(type, field) RULES.dig(type, field, :guard) end

def self.not_authorized_handler(type, field) RULES.dig(type, field, :not_authorized) || RULES.dig(type, :'*', :not_authorized) end end

class Schema < GraphQL::Schema use GraphQL::Execution::Interpreter use GraphQL::Analysis::AST query QueryType mutation MutationType

use GraphQL::Guard.new( policy_object: GraphqlPolicy, not_authorized: ->(type, field) { handler = GraphqlPolicy.not_authorized_handler(type, field) handler.call(type, field) } ) end

Schema masking

It's possible to hide fields from being introspectable and accessible based on the context. For example:

class PostType < GraphQL::Schema::Object field :id, ID, null: false field :title, String, null: true do # The field "title" is accessible only for beta testers mask ->(ctx) { ctx[:current_user].beta_tester? } end end

Installation

Add this line to your application's Gemfile:

gem 'graphql-guard'

And then execute:

$ bundle

Or install it yourself as:

$ gem install graphql-guard

Testing

It's possible to test fields with guard in isolation:

Your type

class QueryType < GraphQL::Schema::Object field :posts, [PostType], null: false, guard ->(obj, args, ctx) { ... } end

Your test

require "graphql/guard/testing"

posts = QueryType.field_with_guard('posts') result = posts.guard(obj, args, ctx) expect(result).to eq(true)

If you would like to test your fields with policy objects:

Your type

class QueryType < GraphQL::Schema::Object field :posts, [PostType], null: false end

Your policy object

class GraphqlPolicy def self.guard(type, field) ->(obj, args, ctx) { ... } end end

Your test

require "graphql/guard/testing"

posts = QueryType.field_with_guard('posts', GraphqlPolicy) result = posts.guard(obj, args, ctx) expect(result).to eq(true)

Development

After checking out the repo, run bin/setup to install dependencies. Then, run rake spec to run the tests. You can also run bin/console for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment.

To install this gem onto your local machine, run bundle exec rake install. To release a new version, update the version number in version.rb, and then run bundle exec rake release, which will create a git tag for the version, push git commits and tags, and push the .gem file to rubygems.org.

Contributing

Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/exAspArk/graphql-guard. This project is intended to be a safe, welcoming space for collaboration, and contributors are expected to adhere to the Contributor Covenant code of conduct.

License

The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT License.

Code of Conduct

Everyone interacting in the Graphql::Guard project’s codebases, issue trackers, chat rooms and mailing lists is expected to follow the code of conduct.